| Abstract: | 本試驗之目的在於探討懷孕後期飼糧中共軛亞麻油酸( conjugated linoleic acid；CLA ) 對母豬繁殖及窩仔性能之影響。30頭藍瑞斯母豬(L)，12頭雜交母豬(L×Y)配上杜洛克公豬(D)及8頭台灣黑母豬(D×T)配上台灣黑公豬(D×T)後，於產前30天逢機分配成兩處理組，分別飼予添加2%大豆油或CLA之試驗飼糧至分娩為止。母豬分娩時記錄出生窩仔數、出生窩活仔數、仔豬出生重、死胎數。21日齡離乳時記錄離乳窩仔數、離乳窩仔重及仔豬離乳體重，並計算出生後三天內及離乳前存活率。於懷孕第110天時採血，測定血漿組成。並於分娩時及分娩後第7天分別採乳樣，測定乳組成。結果顯示，懷孕母豬飼糧中CLA對離乳窩仔重、仔豬平均出生重、仔豬平均離乳重、仔豬每日增重、出生活仔數、死胎數、死胎率、離乳窩仔數及出生後三天內及離乳前存活率並無影響，但提高出生窩仔數及出生窩仔重(P<0.10)。懷孕母豬飼糧中CLA對初乳及母乳粗蛋白質、脂肪及乾物質含量則無影響。懷孕母豬飼糧中CLA提高初乳中C14:0 (P<0.01)及C16:0 (P<0.05)脂肪酸含量及降低C16:1 (P<0.05)、C18:2 (P<0.05)及C18:3 (P<0.01)脂肪酸含量。懷孕母豬飼糧中CLA對常乳中脂肪酸含量並無影響。懷孕母豬飼糧中CLA對血漿中葡萄糖、尿素氮及非酯化脂肪酸含量亦無顯著影響。懷孕母豬飼糧中CLA提高血漿中C16:0 (P<0.01)脂肪酸含量及降低血漿中C16:1 (P<0.01)及C18:0 (P<0.05)及C18:2 (P<0.10)脂肪酸含量。綜合以上，懷孕後期母豬飼糧中添加2%CLA因提高出生窩仔數而增加出生窩仔重，也提高初乳中C14:0及C16:0及血漿中C16:0脂肪酸含量。
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in late-gestating diet on reproductive and litter performances of sows. 30 Landrace, 12 Landrace×Yorkshire sows bred with Duroc boar and 8 Taiwanese black sows bred with Taiwanese black boar were randomly allotted to two treatments at 30 days before farrowing and were fed diets supplemented with 2% of soybean oil or CLA until farrowing. Number of pigs born, number of pigs born alive, pig birth weight, number of stillborn, litter size at weaning (21 day), litter weight at weaning and pig weight at weaning were recorded. Blood were sampled at day 110 of gestation and their composition were analyzed. Milk were sampled at farrowing and 7 days after farrowing and their composition were analyzed. Results showed that dietary supplementation of CLA did not affect litter weight at weaning, average pig birth weight, average pig weight at weaning, average pig daily gain, number of pigs born alive, number of stillborn, litter size at weaning, piglet survival within 3 d after birth and piglet survival at weaning while increased number of pigs born and litter weight at birth (P<0.10). Supplementing CLA in late-gestating diet did not affect colostrum and milk crude protein, fat and dry matter contents. Dietary CLA did increased colostrum C14:0 (P<0.01), and C16:0 (P<0.05), but decreased C16:1 (P<0.05), C18:2 (P<0.05), and C18:3 (P<0.01). Dietary CLA did not affect milk fatty acid composition. Dietary CLA did not affect plasma glucose, urea nitrogen, and non-esterified fatty acid. Dietary CLA did increased plasma C16:0 (P<0.01) fatty acid, while decrease C16:1 (P<0.01), C18:0 (P<0.05), and C18:2 (P<0.10). In conclusion, supplementing 2% of CLA in late-gestating sow diet could increase the number of pigs born,litter weight at birth, and colostrum C14:0 and C16:0 and plasma C16:0. |
