| Abstract: | 本研究的目的是選擇一合適植物以生產高褪黑素的牛乳。試驗一，25頭母荷蘭牛被逢機分為四處理組及一對照組，各處理組分別於下午擠乳前 0.5、1.5、2.5及3.5 hr 餵飼 100 g 乾燥杭菊，而對照組則不予餵飼杭菊，以 ELISA 分析生乳與血清中褪黑素的含量。結果顯示，杭菊餵飼後 0.5及1.5 hr 的生乳中褪黑素含量略較對照者為低，而血清中褪黑素含量在餵飼後 3.5 hr 者略較對照者高，惟皆未達顯著水準 (P > 0.05)。試驗二，25頭母荷蘭牛被逢機分為四處理組及一對照組，各處理組分別於下午擠乳前 1、2、3及4 hr 餵飼 2 kg 新鮮桑葉，而對照組則不予餵飼桑葉。結果顯示，餵飼新鮮桑葉 4 hr 後，生乳中褪黑素含量提升為對照組者的 2.53倍 (26.6 vs. 10.5 pg/mL)，惟未達顯著水準 (P > 0.05)。試驗三，36頭母荷蘭牛被逢機分為五處理組及一對照組，各處理組分別於下午擠乳前 1、2、3、4及5 hr 餵飼 500 g 桑葉粉，對照組則不予餵飼桑葉粉。結果顯示，餵飼桑葉粉3、4及5 hr 後，生乳的褪黑素含量略較對照者為低，而餵飼桑葉粉4及5hr 後，血清的褪黑素含量亦略低於對照組者，惟皆未達顯著水準 (P > 0.05)。試驗四，36頭母荷蘭牛被逢機分為五處理組及一對照組，各處理組分別於早上擠乳前 2、4、5、6和8 hr 餵飼 2 kg 新鮮桑葉，而對照組則不予餵飼桑葉。結果顯示，生乳中褪黑素含量在各組間皆無顯著差異。本研究顯示，菊花及桑葉粉並不適合用以提高乳中褪黑素的含量。高褪黑素牛乳似可在新鮮桑葉餵飼後於某些牛隻獲得，但因個體間的變異大，桑葉餵飼並非高褪黑素牛乳生產的可靠方法。
This study was conducted to choose a suitable plant to produce high melatonin milk. In trial I, 25 female Holstein cows were randomly allotted into four treatment groups and a control group. Cows in treatment groups were fed 100 g dry Chrysanthemum at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 hr before afternoon-milking, respectively, while the controls were not fed the Chrysanthemum. Melatonin levels in raw milk and serum were determined by ELISA. Results showed that melatonin levels in milk collected at 0.5 and 1.5 hr after chrysanthemum feeding were slightly but not significantly lower than in the control (P > 0.05), and melatonin levels in serum collected at 3.5 hr after chrysanthemum feeding was higher but not significantly than in the control (P > 0.05). In trial II, 25 female Holstein cows were randomly allotted into four treatment groups and a control group. Cows in treatments were fed 2 kg fresh mulberry leaf at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr before afternoon-milking, respectively, while the controls were not fed the leaf. Results showed that melatonin level in milk collected at 4 hr after mulberry leaf feeding was 2.5 times the control, though the difference was not significant (26.6 vs. 10.5 pg/mL; P > 0.05). In trial III, 36 female Holstein cows were randomly allotted into five treatment groups and a control group. Cows in treatment groups were fed 500 g mulberry leaf powder at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hr before afternoon-milking, respectively, while the controls were not fed the powder. Results showed that melatonin levels in milk collected at 3, 4 and 5 hr after feeding the powder decreased slightly but not significantly (P > 0.05), and melatonin levels in serum collected at 4 and 5 hr after feeding the powder decreased slightly but not significantly (P > 0.05). In trial Ⅳ, 36 female Holstein cows were randomly allotted into five treatment groups and a control group. Cows in treatment groups were fed 2 kg fresh mulberry leaf at 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8 hr before morning-milking, respectively, while the controls were not fed the leaf. Results showed that melatonin levels in milk collected after mulberry feeding were not significantly different from the control (P > 0.05). It is concluded that chrysanthemum and mulberry leaf powder are not suitable for the production of high melatonin milk. High melatonin milk may be obtained after fresh mulberry leaf feeding in some cows; however, the mulberry leaf feeding is not a reliable practice for the production of high melatonin milk due to the large variety. |
