| Abstract: | 本研究主要在於瞭解早產兒父母在早產兒誕生前後的生活狀態及家庭轉變，並探究早產兒父母在早產兒誕生前後的調適方式與歷程，同時提供早產兒醫療團隊及相關機構對服務現況的省思及參考。 本研究採質性研究的方式，以曾在台中榮民總醫院就診之早產兒父母為研究對象，共選取十二個早產兒年齡在二歲以內的家庭，訪談十六人，其中包括四位父親及十二位母親。研究結果分別針對妊娠階段、產後早產兒住院時期、?寶出院後的家庭生活及整體回顧進行探討。 一、妊娠階段：針對懷孕的社會性層面，分別探討父母對生子的態度、得 知懷孕的感受、對早產的覺知來源、對可能早產的反應及懷孕後期的感受。 二、產後住院：早產寶寶父母體力上雖然不需立即面臨照顧小孩的壓力，但更多的是心理上的不適應。本研究分別針對早產兒造成父母的情緒反應、因應方式、坐月子時期的探視型態及?寶即將出院的心態進行探討。 三、家庭生活：早產兒出院後造成家庭生活型態的改變，照顧人力與角色自然也隨之有所不同，本研究探究在這樣的形勢下，早產兒出院後造成父母的改變、父親的照顧角色、夫妻互動、再懷孕的可能。 四、整體回顧：自整體觀點一窺早產兒父母對資訊的觀感、醫病關係、調適方式及歷程。 探討過早產兒父母的調適歷程後，本研究建議提供早產兒父母更多元化的協助，分別自四個層面進行說明： 一、對於社會工作實務：在哲學思維層面包含以家庭整體為早產兒社會工作服務的重心及對早產兒相關醫療資訊及父母情緒壓力的瞭解；在實際處遇層面則為與高危險孕婦會談、合併產科與新生兒科的社工服務科別、成立支持性團體、針對早產兒不同的成長階段給予相異的座談會內容、組織早產兒父母聯絡網。 二、對於醫療團隊：除了對醫療團隊的正向回饋表示肯定外，建議設置衛教專線或網頁以供諮詢，而出院條件可更為程序化。 三、對於早產兒基金會：包含規劃階段性的早產兒家庭座談會、提供早產兒家庭有關情緒處理及壓力因應的課程及加強預防早產的社會教育。 四、對於未來研究：可深入探討早產兒父親或手足的調適歷程，調整受訪者的來源，並著重動態的調適歷程。
This research is not only mainly to explore the life condition before-and-after the birth of the pre-mature babies, the change of family, the adjusting approaches and the course of the parents of the pre-mature babies before their birth, but also promote the medical treatment team and provide the correlative organizations of the pre-mature babies some references and introspects. This research adopts the “quality-research method” which chooses the parents of the pre-mature babies who have been diagnosed in the Taichung Veteran hospital, totally 12 families with the pre-mature babies under 2 years old, and visits 16 people, including 4 fathers and 12 mothers. The consequence of this research aims respectively at the gestation period, the hospital-stay period of the pre-mature babies after birth, and the family life after the babies leaving hospital, reviewing and discussing the whole process. 一、The gestation period：Discuss the attitude toward giving birth of the parents, the feelings when know being pregnant, the sources of knowing pre-mature birth, and the feeling of the late-period pregnant. 二、Staying at hospital after birth：Although physically the parents don’t have to face the pressure of taking care of the babies instantly, the more they face are maladapted psychologically. The research aims respectively the emotional reaction of the parents caused by the pre-mature babies, reacting way, visiting style in the rest period after birth, and the mental state when the babies is about leaving the hospital. 三、Family life：The leaving hospital of the pre-mature babies changes the family life, and the role and manpower of taking care of the babies changes naturally. Under this kind of situation, this research discuss the change of the parents caused by the leaving hospital of the pre-mature babies, the role of taking care of the father, interaction between husband and wife, and the possibility of re-pregnant. 四、Whole review：To explore the feelings for the information of the parents, relationship between doctor and patient, adjusting methods, and the process from the whole angle. After discussing the adjusting process of the parents, this research suggests providing then plural assistance. Explaining from four levels： 一、The work of the social service：From the level of philosophical thought is taking the whole family to be the point of the social-work service, understanding the medical information about pre-mature babies and the pressure of their parents. From the actual level is discussing with the highly dangerous woman, combing the department of gynecology and obstetrics and the department of new-born, establishing supporting groups, initiating different colloquium for different level, forming the contacting net of the parents of pre-mature babies. 二、The medical treatment team：Except for affirming the feedback of the medical groups, we also suggest to establish sanitaion line or website for inquiring about, and to make the condition of leaving hospital more proceduralized. 三、The foundation of pre-mature babies：Including design the colloquium of different phase which provides families the classes about how to deal with the emotion and pressure, and strengthen the social education of avoiding pre-mature birth. 四、Research in future：We can discuss adjusting process of fathers or brothers and sisters of the pre-mature babies, changing the resources of being visited and emphasizing the dynamic adjusting process. |
